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Capitals of India — New Delhi India Gate & Parliament outline, Jaipur Hawa Mahal pink sandstone facade, Srinagar Dal Lake houseboat on water, and Bengaluru Silicon Valley tech skyscraper skyline DELHI & JAIPUR National Capital NCT; Pink City Heritage SEASONAL CAPITALS Srinagar/Jammu; Shimla/Dharamshala BENGALURU & TECH HUBS Silicon Valley; 28 States & 8 UTs ADMINISTRATIVE GEOGRAPHY: 28 STATES, 8 UNION TERRITORIES & SEASONAL SEATS

Capitals of India: All 28 States & 8 UTs — Complete Guide

Geography GK • Political Geography 18 min read Updated: July 22, 2026

🏙️ Key Takeaways

28 States
Sovereign State capitals
8 UTs
Union Territory administrative seats
4 Dual States
States with Summer & Winter capitals
1 Shared UT
Chandigarh (joint capital Punjab & Haryana)

Table of Contents

  1. Northern Powerhouses & Mountain Sanctuaries (Delhi, Chandigarh, J&K, Ladakh)
  2. Royal West & Vibrant Heartland (Jaipur, Mumbai, Gandhinagar, Bhopal)
  3. Eastern Soul & Seven Sisters (Kolkata, Dispur, Gangtok, Shillong)
  4. Southern Tech & Cultural Empires (Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Amaravati)
  5. Island Jewels & Coastal UTs (Port Blair, Kavaratti, Puducherry, Daman)
  6. Master Cheat Sheet Table: All 36 Capitals
  7. Capitals Specifications Matrix
  8. Exam-Oriented Quick Revision Points
  9. Frequently Asked Questions

Northern Powerhouses & Mountain Sanctuaries (Delhi, Chandigarh, J&K, Ladakh)

Northern capitals feature high-altitude seats, planned sectors, and seasonal shifts:

For competitive exams like the UPSC Civil Services, state PSCs, and SSC CGL, understanding political geography, state reorganization, and seasonal capital shifts is essential. Let's study these 36 administrative seats.

Royal West & Vibrant Heartland (Jaipur, Mumbai, Gandhinagar, Bhopal)

Western and central capitals balance royal heritage with industrial finance:

Eastern Soul & Seven Sisters (Kolkata, Dispur, Gangtok, Shillong)

Eastern and northeastern capitals feature river deltas, organic hills, and tribal music culture:

Southern Tech & Cultural Empires (Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Amaravati)

Southern capitals lead global technology, Dravidian temple art, and coastal commerce:

Island Jewels & Coastal UTs (Port Blair, Kavaratti, Puducherry, Daman)

Union Territory capital seats in the ocean and along coastal estuaries:

Master Cheat Sheet Table: All 36 Capitals

State / UT NameCapital CityType (State / UT)Key Geographical / Cultural Feature
Andhra PradeshAmaravatiStateRiverfront capital on Krishna River
Arunachal PradeshItanagarState14th-century Ita Fort; dawn-lit hills
AssamDispur (Guwahati)StateBrahmaputra river tea garden seat
BiharPatnaStateAncient Pataliputra on southern Ganga bank
ChhattisgarhRaipurStateSteel industrial hub; Bastar gateway
GoaPanajiStateMandovi riverfront; Fontainhas Latin Quarter
GujaratGandhinagarStatePlanned green city on Sabarmati River
HaryanaChandigarhState (Joint)Le Corbusier planned sector city
Himachal PradeshShimla (Summer) / Dharamshala (Winter)State7 ridges UNESCO toy train / Dalai Lama seat
JharkhandRanchiStateChota Nagpur plateau waterfall city
KarnatakaBengaluruStateSilicon Valley of India; Garden City
KeralaThiruvananthapuramStatePadmanabhaswamy temple; 7 coastal hills
Madhya PradeshBhopalStateCity of Lakes; Begum architectural mosques
MaharashtraMumbai (Summer) / Nagpur (Winter)StateFinancial capital / Citrus winter seat
ManipurImphalStateKangla Fort; Ima Keithel all-women market
MeghalayaShillongStateScotland of East; indie rock capital
MizoramAizawlStateRidge city; horn-free disciplined traffic
NagalandKohimaStateBattle of Kohima WWII site; Hornbill Festival
OdishaBhubaneswarStateKalinga temple spires; planned IT hub
PunjabChandigarhState (Joint)Joint capital with Haryana
RajasthanJaipurStatePink City; Hawa Mahal & Amber Fort
SikkimGangtokState100% Organic state capital; Kanchenjunga
Tamil NaduChennaiStateMarina Beach; Dravidian temple hub
TelanganaHyderabadStateCharminar; Nizami Biryani & Hitec City
TripuraAgartalaStateUjjayanta Palace; bamboo handicraft
UttarakhandDehradun (Winter) / Gairsain (Summer)StateDoon Valley / Chamoli mountain seat
Uttar PradeshLucknowStateAwadhi culture; Gomti Riverfront
West BengalKolkataStateCultural capital; Hooghly Howrah bridge
Andaman & NicobarPort BlairUTCellular Jail; Bay of Bengal coral islands
ChandigarhChandigarhUTUnion Territory seat for Punjab & Haryana
DNH & Daman DiuDamanUT16th-century Portuguese fort city
Delhi (NCT)New DelhiUT / NCTNational Capital of India
Jammu & KashmirSrinagar (Summer) / Jammu (Winter)UTDal Lake houseboats / Tawi temple city
LadakhLehUT11,000 ft high-altitude Tibetan gompas
LakshadweepKavarattiUTArabian Sea coral lagoon atoll
PuducherryPuducherryUTCoromandel French Quarter & Auroville

Capitals Specifications Matrix

CategoryCountKey ExamplesPrimary Administrative Mechanism
States28Rajasthan (Jaipur), KA (Bengaluru), TN (Chennai)Sovereign State Assemblies & High Courts
Union Territories8Delhi NCT, J&K, Ladakh, Puducherry, A&NCentrally governed via Lieutenant Governors
Dual Capitals4J&K, HP, Uttarakhand, MaharashtraSeasonal administrative shifts (Summer/Winter)
Shared Capital1Chandigarh (Punjab & Haryana)Single UT seat serving two state assemblies

Exam-Oriented Quick Revision Points

Frequently Asked Questions

Which Indian states have dual summer and winter capitals?

Jammu & Kashmir (Srinagar summer / Jammu winter), Himachal Pradesh (Shimla summer / Dharamshala winter), Uttarakhand (Dehradun winter / Gairsain summer), and Maharashtra (Mumbai summer / Nagpur winter).

Which single city serves as the capital for two different states and is also a Union Territory?

Chandigarh is a Union Territory that serves peacefully as the joint administrative capital for both Punjab and Haryana, designed by Le Corbusier.

What are the capitals of the 8 Union Territories of India?

1. New Delhi (Delhi NCT), 2. Chandigarh (Chandigarh), 3. Srinagar/Jammu (J&K), 4. Leh (Ladakh), 5. Daman (Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu), 6. Puducherry (Puducherry), 7. Port Blair (Andaman & Nicobar), 8. Kavaratti (Lakshadweep).

What is the capital of Sikkim and what makes it unique?

Gangtok is the capital of Sikkim. It is India's first 100% organic state capital, completely free of single-use plastic bags, featuring views of Mount Kanchenjunga.

What is the capital of Assam?

Dispur is the administrative capital of Assam, functioning as a leafy green locality within the larger metropolis of Guwahati along the Brahmaputra River.

Which capital city is famous as the 'Silicon Valley of India'?

Bengaluru (Bangalore) is the capital of Karnataka, world-famous as the Silicon Valley of India and the Garden City.

What is the capital of Nagaland?

Kohima is the capital of Nagaland, famous for its WWII history (Battle of Kohima) and the annual international Hornbill Festival.

What is the capital of Mizoram and why is its traffic famous?

Aizawl is the ridge capital of Mizoram, globally renowned for its silent, disciplined traffic where drivers never honk horns and wait patiently in single-file lines.

What are Laurasia and Gondwanaland?

When the supercontinent Pangea split during the Mesozoic era, it divided into two smaller supercontinents: Laurasia in the Northern Hemisphere (consisting of North America, Europe, and Asia) and Gondwanaland in the Southern Hemisphere (consisting of South America, Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica).

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Ballabh Pant Sagar, Tungabhadra Deccan, Chambal 3-tier cascade) River Cities of India Guide 🏙️Urban potamology of India, Ganga Basin (Varanasi 84 ghats Uttaravahini, Haridwar/Rishikesh Kumbh Mela, Prayagraj Triveni Sangam, Patna Pataliputra), Yamuna & Gomti (Delhi Red Fort, Agra Taj Mahal timber foundation, Lucknow Gomti riverfront), East (Kolkata Hooghly Howrah bridge, Guwahati Brahmaputra Umananda, Cuttack Mahanadi delta ring bunds), West (Ahmedabad Sabarmati riverfront, Surat Tapi diamond hub, Nashik Godavari Dakshin Ganga), South (Hyderabad Musi, Vijayawada Krishna Prakasam Barrage, Tiruchirappalli Kaveri Srirangam island), Namami Gange Mission Hill Towns of India Guide ⛰️High altitude mountain geography, Himalayan Kings (Manali Beas valley Solang Atal Tunnel, Shimla 7 ridges Kalka-Shimla UNESCO toy train, Mussoorie & Landour Ruskin Bond winter line horizon), Emerald South (Munnar Idukki tea estates Kolukkumalai Nilgiri Tahr Neelakurinji 12-year bloom, Ooty & Coonoor Nilgiri mountain railway), Northeast (Darjeeling Kanchenjunga first flush tea steam toy train, Shillong & Cherrapunji Khasi Hills living root bridges Nohkalikai falls), Offbeat (Jibhi Tirthan Valley Jalori Pass Serolsar Lake, Kanatal Kaudia Forest Garhwal views, Ziro Valley Apatani eco-tribe paddy farming) National Parks of India Guide 🐅Biogeography & Conservation of India, Jim Corbett (1936 Hailey, 1973 Project Tiger launch, Dhikala), Ranthambore (10th-century fort ruins, Machli tigress), Kaziranga (2,400+ Great One-Horned Rhinos, Big Five), Sundarbans (largest mangrove forest, adapted swimming tigers), Gir (sole wild Asiatic Lion habitat, Maldhari co-existence), Kanha & Bandhavgarh (Jungle Book inspiration, Barasingha revival, high tiger density), Periyar & Kabini (Western Ghats lake safaris, summer elephant congregations, Black Panther), Safari Blueprint Geographical Names of India Guide 🗺️Toponymy & Etymology of India, Northern Mountains (Himalaya Hima-Alaya abode of snow, Kanchenjunga five treasures, Karakoram black gravel Turkic scree, Purvanchal Meghalaya abode of clouds, Garo Khasi Jaintia, Sohra land of oranges), Sacred Lifelines (Ganga Gam swift flow Bhagirathi Shiva matted locks, Yamuna twin sister, Brahmaputra son of creator masculine river Tsangpo purifier Luit red silt, Indus Sindhu ocean water to Hindu to Indos to India, Punjab Panj-Aab five rivers), Ancient Heart (Aravalli line of peaks 1.8B yr fold mountains, Deccan Dakshina south basaltic lava Regur black soil, Vindhya obstruct Agastya, Satpura seven folds), Sentinel Coasts (Sahyadri benevolent mountain Western Ghats, Konkan Parashurama arrow, Malabar Mala-Bar spice coast, Coromandel Chola-mandalam, Utkal art land), Sand Swamps & Islands (Thar Thul sand dunes, Rann of Kutch Irina salt marsh, Sundarbans Sundari mangrove trees, Lakshadweep Laksha-Dweep 100k islands, Andaman Handuman, Nicobar Nakkavaram), Famous Epithets Table Capitals of India Guide 🏙️Administrative geography of India, 28 States & 8 UTs, Northern Powerhouses (New Delhi NCT, Chandigarh shared UT, Shimla/Dharamshala HP, Dehradun/Gairsain UK, Srinagar/Jammu J&K, Leh Ladakh), Royal West & Heartland (Jaipur Rajasthan Pink City, Gandhinagar Gujarat, Mumbai/Nagpur MH, Panaji Goa, Bhopal MP, Raipur CG), Eastern & Seven Sisters (Kolkata WB, Bhubaneswar Odisha, Patna Bihar, Ranchi JH, Dispur Assam, Itanagar AP, Shillong Meghalaya, Aizawl Mizoram, Kohima Nagaland, Imphal Manipur, Agartala Tripura, Gangtok Sikkim), Southern Tech & Empires (Bengaluru KA, Chennai TN, Hyderabad Telangana, Amaravati AP, Thiruvananthapuram KL), Island & Coastal UTs (Port Blair A&N, Kavaratti Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Daman DNH&DD), Master 36 Capitals Cheat Sheet

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