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July 12, 2026 • 10 Key Topics

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01
International

US-Iran Strait of Hormuz Crisis Escalates with Fresh Strikes

The US launched fresh military strikes on Iranian targets after Iran threatened closure of the Strait of Hormuz, sending global oil prices spiking and raising energy security alarms worldwide.

  • Iran threatened closure of the Strait of Hormuz following incidents involving commercial shipping vessels in the Persian Gulf.
  • The United States launched multiple rounds of fresh strikes on Iranian military targets in response.
  • Global crude oil prices spiked amid fears of supply disruption — approximately 20% of the world's oil passes through the Strait of Hormuz.
  • India, which imports over 85% of its crude oil, faces direct economic impact from the escalation.

Exam Context: GS-2 (IR) + GS-3 (Energy Security). Strait of Hormuz connects Persian Gulf to Gulf of Oman (between Iran and Oman). ~20% of global oil transits through it. India's top oil suppliers: Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Russia, UAE.

02
Polity

Monsoon Session of Parliament 2026 — Dates Confirmed (20 July to 13 August)

The Monsoon Session of Parliament 2026 will begin on 20 July and continue until 13 August, approved by President Droupadi Murmu.

  • Parliament's Monsoon Session 2026 scheduled from 20 July to 13 August 2026.
  • The dates were approved by President Droupadi Murmu on the recommendation of the Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs.
  • Key bills expected to be tabled include amendments related to labour codes and digital governance.
  • Parliament has three sessions each year: Budget Session (Feb-May), Monsoon Session (July-Aug), and Winter Session (Nov-Dec).

Exam Context: GS-2 (Polity). Article 85 of the Constitution mandates that no more than 6 months can elapse between two Parliament sessions. President summons and prorogues sessions. Quorum = 1/10th of total membership.

03
Sports

England Whitewash India 4-0 in T20I Series

England defeated India by 56 runs in the 5th T20I at Southampton to complete a dominant 4-0 series whitewash, with one match producing no result.

  • England won the 5th T20I by 56 runs at the Rose Bowl, Southampton, completing a 4-0 series sweep.
  • The series comprised 5 matches, with one fixture ending as a no-result due to rain.
  • This marks one of India's heaviest bilateral T20I series defeats in recent years.
  • India now shifts focus to the upcoming ODI series against England.

Exam Context: Sports GK. T20I cricket governed by ICC (HQ: Dubai). Rose Bowl ground is in Southampton, England. India's T20I captain and recent record are frequent SSC/RRB questions.

04
Culture

Legendary Playback Singer S. Janaki Passes Away at 88

Veteran playback singer S. Janaki, known as the 'Nightingale of South India,' passed away in Mysuru after a cardiac arrest.

  • S. Janaki passed away on 11 July 2026 in Mysuru, Karnataka, after a cardiac arrest.
  • She began her singing career in 1957 and recorded songs in more than 20 languages across a career spanning decades.
  • Won four National Film Awards and 33 State Film Awards for Best Female Playback Singer.
  • She had declined the Padma Bhushan offered to her in 2013, saying the recognition of her fans across languages was the highest award.

Exam Context: Art & Culture. S. Janaki: 4 National Film Awards, 33 State Film Awards (Best Female Playback Singer); declined Padma Bhushan (2013). Sang in 20+ languages since 1957. Known as 'Nightingale of South India'.

05
Environment

IMD Issues Heavy Rainfall Alerts Across Multiple States

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued heavy to very heavy rainfall alerts for Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.

  • IMD issued Orange and Yellow alerts for Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
  • Heavy to very heavy rainfall (115.6-204.4 mm in 24 hours) predicted in several districts.
  • Southwest Monsoon has covered most of the country; above-normal rainfall forecast for July.
  • Farmers advised to take precautionary measures; urban flood warnings issued for low-lying areas.

Exam Context: GS-1 (Geography) + GS-3 (Disaster Management). IMD HQ = New Delhi, established 1875. IMD colour codes: Green (no warning), Yellow (be updated), Orange (be prepared), Red (take action). Southwest Monsoon enters via Kerala (June 1).

06
Economy

India Introduces Letter of Authorization (LoA) for High-Seas Fishing

India launched a new Letter of Authorization (LoA) regime for high-seas fishing to regulate deep-sea vessels and boost seafood exports.

  • The Ministry of Fisheries introduced the Letter of Authorization (LoA) framework for Indian vessels fishing in international waters.
  • Aims to bring Indian high-seas fishing under a regulated, transparent regime aligned with international standards.
  • India is the 3rd largest fish producing country and 2nd largest aquaculture producer in the world.
  • The policy supports the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) and Blue Economy goals.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Economy/Agriculture). PMMSY launched in 2020 with ₹20,050 crore outlay. India's marine fisheries regulated under Maritime Zones of India (Regulation of Fishing by Foreign Vessels) Act, 1981. Blue Economy = sustainable use of ocean resources.

07
Defence

Indonesia to Procure India's Indigenous Astra BVRAAM Missile

Indonesia decided to procure India's indigenously developed Astra Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile (BVRAAM), marking a major defence export achievement.

  • Indonesia signed an agreement to procure India's Astra BVRAAM (Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile).
  • Astra is developed by DRDO and manufactured by Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL); has a range of over 100 km.
  • This marks a significant milestone for India's defence export push under 'Make in India'.
  • India's defence exports crossed ₹21,083 crore in FY 2023-24, a record high.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Defence & Security). Astra missile: developer = DRDO, manufacturer = BDL, range = 110+ km, type = BVRAAM, platform = Su-30MKI, Tejas. Indonesia capital = Jakarta, President = Prabowo Subianto.

08
Economy

EPFO Credits Interest to PF Accounts via CITES 2.01 System

The Employees' Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) credited interest to provident fund accounts using the upgraded CITES 2.01 digital system.

  • EPFO credited interest for FY 2025-26 to the PF accounts of over 7 crore subscribers.
  • Interest processed through the new Centralised IT-Enabled System (CITES) 2.01 platform.
  • EPFO is the world's largest social security organisation by membership, operating under the Ministry of Labour & Employment.
  • The current EPF interest rate is set by the Central Board of Trustees and approved by the Ministry of Finance.

Exam Context: Economy + Labour Welfare. EPFO established in 1952 under the EPF & MP Act, 1952. HQ = New Delhi. Governed by Central Board of Trustees chaired by the Union Labour Minister. CITES 2.01 = upgraded digital claims processing system.

09
International

India and Kyrgyzstan Launch 'Manas and Mahabharata' Cultural Centre

India and Kyrgyzstan jointly launched the 'Manas and Mahabharata' cultural and educational centre to strengthen people-to-people ties and celebrate shared epic traditions.

  • The centre connects India's Mahabharata with Kyrgyzstan's Epic of Manas — both among the world's longest epic poems.
  • Launched to promote cultural exchanges, academic collaboration, and strengthen India-Central Asia relations.
  • Part of India's broader 'Connect Central Asia' policy and the India-Central Asia Summit framework.
  • Kyrgyzstan is a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), of which India is also a member.

Exam Context: GS-2 (IR) + Art & Culture. Kyrgyzstan: capital = Bishkek, currency = Som, President = Sadyr Zhaparov. Epic of Manas = national epic of Kyrgyzstan (~500,000 lines). India-Central Asia Summit first held in 2022.

10
Sports

FIFA World Cup 2026 Continues — Group Stage Action Intensifies

The FIFA World Cup 2026, hosted jointly by the USA, Mexico, and Canada, continues with group stage matches attracting global attention alongside India's cricket calendar.

  • FIFA World Cup 2026 is the first edition with 48 teams (expanded from 32) and is hosted across three countries.
  • Host nations: United States, Mexico, and Canada — the first tri-nation hosted World Cup.
  • The tournament features 104 matches across 16 venues in all three countries.
  • FIFA President: Gianni Infantino; FIFA HQ: Zurich, Switzerland.

Exam Context: Sports GK. FIFA WC 2026: 48 teams, 3 hosts (USA, Mexico, Canada), 104 matches, 16 venues. Previous host: Qatar (2022), winner: Argentina. FIFA founded 1904, HQ = Zurich.

Prelims Quick-Revision Facts

Strait of Hormuz
International

US-Iran crisis escalates at Strait of Hormuz — ~20% of global oil passes through this chokepoint between Iran and Oman.

Monsoon Session
Polity

Parliament's Monsoon Session 2026: 20 July to 13 August, approved by President Droupadi Murmu.

S. Janaki
Culture

Legendary singer S. Janaki (88) passed away — sang in 20+ languages since 1957, 4 National Awards, 33 State Film Awards; had declined the Padma Bhushan in 2013.

Astra Missile Export
Defence

Indonesia to procure India's Astra BVRAAM missile (DRDO-developed, 110+ km range) — major defence export milestone.

High-Seas Fishing LoA
Economy

India launched Letter of Authorization (LoA) for high-seas fishing to regulate deep-sea vessels and boost seafood exports.

EPFO Interest
Economy

EPFO credited PF interest to 7+ crore accounts via upgraded CITES 2.01 digital system.

Manas & Mahabharata
International

India and Kyrgyzstan (capital: Bishkek) launched 'Manas and Mahabharata' cultural centre for shared epic heritage.

FIFA WC 2026
Sports

FIFA World Cup 2026: first 48-team edition, hosted by USA + Mexico + Canada across 16 venues.

Test Yourself on Today's Affairs

Attempt 8 MCQs based on the July 12, 2026 edition.

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