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July 25, 2026 • 10 Key Topics

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01
Polity

Anurag Jain Appointed CEO of NITI Aayog (22 July 2026)

Senior IAS officer Anurag Jain has been appointed as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NITI Aayog, succeeding B.V.R. Subrahmanyam.

  • Anurag Jain, a 1989-batch IAS officer of the Madhya Pradesh cadre, takes charge as the NITI Aayog CEO.
  • He previously served as Secretary in the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH).
  • The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) approved his appointment on a contract basis.
  • NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) is the premier policy think tank of the Government of India, formed in 2015.

Exam Context: GS-2 (Polity/Governance). Note the appointment authority (ACC) and background of NITI Aayog (replaced Planning Commission).

02
International

President Droupadi Murmu's First-Ever Visit to Moldova (20 July 2026)

President Droupadi Murmu became the first Indian head of state to visit the Republic of Moldova, aiming to strengthen bilateral ties.

  • The visit marks a historic milestone in India-Moldova relations, being the first by an Indian President.
  • Discussions focused on trade, culture, education, and strengthening diplomatic ties.
  • Moldova, a landlocked Eastern European nation, borders Romania and Ukraine.
  • The visit underscores India's deepening engagement with Central and Eastern Europe.

Exam Context: GS-2 (International Relations). Important to know Moldova's geographical location (landlocked between Romania and Ukraine) and its capital (Chisinau).

03
Sports

Peacko Unveiled as Official Mascot of BWF World Championships 2026

The Badminton World Federation (BWF) unveiled 'Peacko', a peacock-inspired mascot, for the 2026 World Championships to be held in India.

  • 'Peacko' represents the agility, grace, and vibrant spirit of badminton and Indian culture.
  • The BWF World Championships 2026 will be hosted in India.
  • The peacock is India's national bird, symbolising grace, joy, beauty, and love.
  • India previously hosted the BWF World Championships in 2009 in Hyderabad.

Exam Context: Current Affairs (Sports). Know the mascot 'Peacko', the host nation for 2026 (India), and the significance of the peacock.

04
Economy

Rahul Himalian Given Additional Charge as CMD of IRCTC

Rahul Himalian has assumed the additional charge of Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC).

  • Rahul Himalian, an IRTS officer, takes over the additional responsibility as CMD of IRCTC.
  • He currently holds another senior position within the railway board or associated entities.
  • IRCTC is a Miniratna (Category-I) Central Public Sector Enterprise under the Ministry of Railways.
  • It is the sole entity authorized to provide online railway tickets, catering services, and packaged drinking water on trains.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Economy/Infrastructure). Remember IRCTC is a Miniratna public sector enterprise under the Ministry of Railways.

05
Science & Tech

Arunachal Pradesh Signs MoU for India's First River Kinetic Energy Project

Arunachal Pradesh has inked a pact to develop India's first River Kinetic Energy project, harnessing the natural flow of rivers to generate power without dams.

  • The MoU was signed to initiate the River Kinetic Energy project, a dam-less hydro-power generation method.
  • This technology uses the kinetic energy of flowing water to turn turbines, minimizing ecological impact.
  • It aims to provide sustainable and renewable energy to remote areas of the state.
  • Arunachal Pradesh has significant untapped hydroelectric potential due to its numerous fast-flowing rivers.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Environment/Energy). Understand the difference between traditional hydroelectric (dams/potential energy) and kinetic energy (dam-less/flow).

06
Polity

Delhi Police Forms Special Task Force (STF) to Probe Exam Paper Leaks (24 July 2026)

In response to recent controversies, Delhi Police has constituted a Special Task Force (STF) dedicated to investigating and preventing competitive exam paper leaks.

  • The STF will focus on organized syndicates involved in leaking question papers of various competitive exams.
  • It aims to ensure fair and transparent conduct of examinations in the future.
  • This move follows widespread protests and cancellations of major exams due to alleged irregularities.
  • The STF will utilize advanced cyber forensics and intelligence gathering.

Exam Context: GS-2 (Polity/Governance). Highlights the ongoing issue of exam integrity and law enforcement measures to tackle organized cheating syndicates.

07
Defence

Defence Acquisition Council Approves Major Capital Procurement Proposals

The DAC, chaired by the Defence Minister, has cleared major capital procurement proposals to boost the operational capabilities of the Armed Forces.

  • The approvals focus on indigenous defense manufacturing under the 'Make in India' initiative.
  • Proposals include the acquisition of advanced weapon systems, platforms, and equipment.
  • The DAC is the highest decision-making body in the Defence Ministry for deciding on new policies and capital acquisitions.
  • These procurements aim to enhance self-reliance in defense and modernize the armed forces.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Defence/Security). DAC is chaired by the Defence Minister. Focus is on 'Aatmanirbharta' in defense procurement.

08
Science & Tech

ISRO and NASA Complete Final Environmental Tests of NISAR Satellite

The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite has successfully completed its final environmental tests, clearing a major hurdle before launch.

  • NISAR is a joint Earth-observing mission between NASA and ISRO.
  • It features a dual-frequency (L-band and S-band) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for high-resolution imaging.
  • The satellite will map the entire globe in 12 days, tracking changes in Earth's ecosystems, ice mass, and crust.
  • Environmental tests simulate the harsh conditions of space launch and the orbital environment.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Science & Tech/Space). Know the full form of NISAR, the two radar bands (L and S), and its primary objective (Earth observation).

09
Economy

PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana Crosses 25 Lakh Installations

The PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana has achieved a significant milestone, surpassing 25 lakh rooftop solar installations across India.

  • The scheme aims to provide free electricity up to 300 units per month to households installing rooftop solar panels.
  • It was launched to promote renewable energy adoption and reduce electricity bills for citizens.
  • The government provides substantial subsidies directly to the bank accounts of beneficiaries.
  • The 25 lakh milestone indicates strong public participation in India's transition to green energy.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Economy/Energy). Key features: 300 units free electricity, promotes rooftop solar, reduces carbon footprint.

10
Economy

Income Tax Department Observes 166th Income Tax Day (24 July 2026)

The Income Tax Department celebrated the 166th Income Tax Day on July 24, commemorating the introduction of income tax in India.

  • Income Tax Day (Aaykar Diwas) is observed annually on July 24.
  • Sir James Wilson introduced the first income tax in India on this day in 1860.
  • The tax was initially introduced to compensate for the losses suffered during the First War of Independence in 1857.
  • The day is marked by various outreach programs to promote tax compliance and taxpayer services.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Economy/Taxation). Historical fact: Sir James Wilson introduced income tax in India in 1860. July 24 is Aaykar Diwas.

Prelims Quick-Revision Facts

Appointments
Person in News

Anurag Jain has been appointed as the new CEO of NITI Aayog.

International Relations
Diplomacy

President Droupadi Murmu made the first-ever visit by an Indian President to Moldova.

Sports
Events

'Peacko' (a peacock) is the official mascot for the BWF World Championships 2026.

Environment
Renewable Energy

Arunachal Pradesh signed an MoU for India's first River Kinetic Energy project.

Science & Tech
Space

NISAR is a joint Earth-observing satellite mission between NASA and ISRO.

Test Yourself on Today's Affairs

Attempt 5 MCQs based on the July 25, 2026 edition.

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