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July 15, 2026 • 10 Key Topics

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01
International

India Summons Iranian Envoy over Gulf of Oman Tanker Attack

India strongly protested the killing of an Indian crew member during Iran's attack on two UAE-bound oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz, summoning Iran's Deputy Ambassador.

  • The Ministry of External Affairs summoned Iran's Deputy Ambassador to protest the killing of an Indian seafarer during Iran's attack on two UAE-bound oil tankers.
  • India demanded immediate cessation of hostilities and guaranteed safe passage for Indian crew members in the Gulf of Oman and Strait of Hormuz.
  • The Strait of Hormuz handles approximately 20% of global oil trade and is critical for India's energy imports.
  • India has over 2 lakh seafarers working on international shipping routes, making crew safety a diplomatic priority.

Exam Context: GS-2 (IR) + GS-3 (Energy Security). Strait of Hormuz: between Iran and Oman, connects Persian Gulf to Gulf of Oman. India imports ~85% of crude oil. MEA handles diplomatic protests via summoning of ambassadors/envoys.

02
International

India Launches Official Campaign for UNSC Non-Permanent Seat (2028-29)

India formally launched its election campaign for a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council for the 2028-29 term, pledging to represent the Global South.

  • India officially kicked off its campaign for a UNSC non-permanent seat for the 2028-29 term.
  • New Delhi reiterated its commitment to representing the 'Global South' and pushing for long-pending governance reforms.
  • The UNSC has 15 members: 5 permanent (P5: USA, UK, France, Russia, China) with veto power and 10 non-permanent members elected for 2-year terms.
  • India has served as a non-permanent UNSC member 8 times, most recently in 2021-22.

Exam Context: GS-2 (International Organisations). UNSC non-permanent seats: 10 elected by UNGA for 2-year terms. India's last UNSC term: 2021-22. India seeks permanent membership under G4 (India, Brazil, Germany, Japan).

03
Polity

Supreme Court Mandates Fair Process for Citizenship Determinations

The Supreme Court ruled that citizenship and foreigner status must be decided through a 'fair, just, and reasonable' legal process, quashing 27 Gauhati High Court judgments.

  • The Supreme Court of India held that citizenship and foreigner status must be determined through a 'fair, just, and reasonable' legal process.
  • Quashed 27 judgments of the Gauhati High Court and remanded them to Foreigners' Tribunals for fresh adjudication.
  • The ruling reaffirmed that principles of natural justice must apply in citizenship determination proceedings.
  • Foreigners' Tribunals are quasi-judicial bodies constituted under the Foreigners (Tribunals) Order, 1964.

Exam Context: GS-2 (Polity). Citizenship provisions: Articles 5-11 of the Constitution + Citizenship Act, 1955. Foreigners' Tribunals operate under Foreigners Act, 1946. SC can quash HC orders under Article 136 (Special Leave Petition).

04
International

12th BRICS Labour & Employment Ministers' Meeting Held in Hyderabad

India hosted the 12th BRICS Labour and Employment Ministers' Meeting in Hyderabad as the BRICS Chair for 2026, focusing on gig economy regulations and digital upskilling.

  • India, as the BRICS Chair for 2026, hosted the 12th BRICS Labour and Employment Ministers' Meeting in Hyderabad.
  • Key deliberations: social security portability, gig economy regulations, and workforce upskilling for digital transformation.
  • BRICS expanded in 2024 to include Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE alongside Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
  • India's BRICS Chairmanship theme for 2026 focuses on inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Exam Context: GS-2 (IR) + Economy. BRICS founded 2006 (BRIC), South Africa joined 2010. BRICS 2024 expansion: +5 new members. New Development Bank (NDB) HQ = Shanghai. India's labour code reforms: 4 codes replacing 29 laws.

05
Polity

Central Vista Redevelopment Zone Renamed 'Kartavya Bhawan Area'

The Government of India officially renamed the Central Vista redevelopment zone as the 'Kartavya Bhawan Area' to shed colonial legacies and reinforce the spirit of duty.

  • The entire Central Vista redevelopment zone has been officially rechristened as the 'Kartavya Bhawan Area'.
  • The renaming is part of the government's broader effort to shed colonial-era nomenclature in governance.
  • The Central Vista project includes the new Parliament building (inaugurated May 2023), redeveloped Rajpath (now Kartavya Path), and new ministry buildings.
  • Previously, individual buildings like 'South Block' and 'North Block' housed key ministries in the Lutyens' Delhi zone.

Exam Context: GS-2 (Governance) + Art & Culture. New Parliament inaugurated 28 May 2023. Rajpath renamed Kartavya Path (Sep 2022). Central Vista architect: Bimal Patel (HCP Design). Lutyens' Delhi designed by Edwin Lutyens.

06
Technology

Supreme Court Releases Draft AI Usage Regulations for Judiciary

The Supreme Court's AI Committee published draft 'AI in Courts Regulations, 2026', mandating that final judicial discretion rests solely with judges while AI tools support research and translation.

  • The Supreme Court's Artificial Intelligence Committee published the draft 'AI in Courts Regulations, 2026'.
  • The draft mandates that final judicial discretion rests solely with judges — AI tools can only assist with research and translation.
  • Establishes ethical guardrails for AI usage in the judiciary, addressing bias, transparency, and data privacy concerns.
  • India becomes one of the first countries to formulate specific regulations for AI use in its judicial system.

Exam Context: GS-2 (Polity/Governance) + GS-3 (Science & Tech). SC's AI Committee formed to explore responsible AI adoption. India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 governs data privacy. CJI heads the Supreme Court.

07
Technology

MEITY Launches 'NIDAR 2.0' Drone Innovation Challenge

The Ministry of Electronics and IT launched NIDAR 2.0 to boost indigenous drone technologies, offering a ₹6.5 million prize pool and encouraging integration of India's homegrown VEGA processors.

  • MEITY initiated the NIDAR 2.0 program to accelerate development of indigenously designed drone technologies.
  • Prize pool of over ₹6.5 million offered to innovators integrating India's homegrown 'VEGA' processors into drone designs.
  • VEGA processors are developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune.
  • India's drone policy liberalized under the Drone Rules, 2021 and PLI scheme for drones launched with ₹120 crore outlay.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Science & Tech). MEITY = Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. C-DAC HQ = Pune, develops indigenous processors (VEGA, SHAKTI). PLI for Drones: ₹120 crore. Drone Rules 2021 replaced UAS Rules 2021.

08
Science

ISRO Completes Key Qualification Tests for Gaganyaan Mission

ISRO successfully completed critical system qualification tests for the Gaganyaan human spaceflight mission, while Indian-origin NASA astronaut Anil Menon prepares for a Soyuz MS-29 launch to the ISS.

  • ISRO completed critical system qualification tests for the Gaganyaan mission — India's first crewed spaceflight program.
  • The tests validated key systems including the Crew Escape System (CES) and environmental control modules.
  • Indian-origin NASA astronaut Anil Menon is set to launch aboard Russia's Soyuz MS-29 to the International Space Station.
  • Gaganyaan aims to demonstrate human spaceflight capability by sending a 3-member crew to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for 3 days.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Science & Tech). Gaganyaan: 3-member crew, LEO (400 km), 3-day mission. Launch vehicle: LVM3 (GSLV Mk III). Vyom Mitra = humanoid tested. ISRO HQ = Bengaluru, Chairman = S. Somanath. ISS partners: NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, CSA.

09
Sports

Jannik Sinner Defends Wimbledon Men's Singles Title 2026

World No. 1 Jannik Sinner defeated Alexander Zverev in the Wimbledon final to successfully defend his men's singles title, clinching his fifth career Grand Slam.

  • Jannik Sinner (Italy) defeated Alexander Zverev (Germany) in the Wimbledon 2026 men's singles final.
  • This was Sinner's fifth career Grand Slam title, solidifying his dominance on grass courts.
  • Sinner became only the sixth man in the Open Era to successfully defend the Wimbledon title.
  • Wimbledon is the oldest Grand Slam tournament (since 1877) and is played on grass courts at the All England Club, London.

Exam Context: Sports GK. Wimbledon: oldest Grand Slam, grass court, All England Club, London. 4 Grand Slams: Australian Open (hard), French Open (clay), Wimbledon (grass), US Open (hard). Sinner = Italian, World No. 1.

10
Economy

India's Retail Inflation Rises to 4.38% in June 2026

India's CPI-based retail inflation climbed to 4.38% in June 2026 from 3.93% in the previous month, driven by rising food and fuel prices, according to the National Statistical Office.

  • India's Consumer Price Index (CPI)-based retail inflation rose to 4.38% in June 2026, up from 3.93% in May.
  • The uptick was primarily driven by rising food prices (food inflation above 5%) and fuel costs.
  • The inflation remains within the RBI's target band of 4% ± 2% (i.e., 2% to 6%).
  • CPI inflation data is released monthly by the National Statistical Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.

Exam Context: GS-3 (Economy). CPI inflation target: 4% ± 2% (set by govt in consultation with RBI). MPC uses CPI for monetary policy decisions. NSO (under MoSPI) releases CPI data. Base year for CPI = 2012.

Prelims Quick-Revision Facts

Iran Tanker Attack
International

India summoned Iran's Deputy Ambassador after an Indian crew member was killed in Iran's attack on UAE-bound oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz.

UNSC Seat 2028-29
International

India launched its campaign for UNSC non-permanent seat (2028-29). India has served 8 times; last term: 2021-22.

SC Citizenship Ruling
Polity

Supreme Court quashed 27 Gauhati HC judgments, mandating 'fair, just, and reasonable' process for citizenship determinations.

BRICS Labour Meet
International

12th BRICS Labour & Employment Ministers' Meeting held in Hyderabad under India's 2026 BRICS Chairmanship.

Kartavya Bhawan Area
Polity

Central Vista zone officially renamed 'Kartavya Bhawan Area' to shed colonial legacies.

SC AI Regulations
Technology

SC published draft 'AI in Courts Regulations, 2026' — AI for research/translation only, final discretion with judges.

Wimbledon 2026
Sports

Jannik Sinner (Italy) defended Wimbledon title, defeating Zverev — his 5th Grand Slam.

CPI Inflation
Economy

India's retail inflation rose to 4.38% in June 2026 (from 3.93%), driven by food and fuel prices.

Test Yourself on Today's Affairs

Attempt 8 MCQs based on the July 15, 2026 edition.

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